| 翻訳と辞書 |
| Simplicius of Cilicia ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
Simplicius of Cilicia
Simplicius (; (ギリシア語:Σιμπλίκιος); c. 490 – c. 560〔Donald J. Zeyl, Daniel Devereux, Phillip Mitsis, (1997), ''Encyclopedia of classical philosophy''. Greenwood Press〕) of Cilicia,〔Agathias, ii. 30; Suda, ''Presbeis''; it is inaccurately that the Suda (''Damascius'') calls him a countryman of Eulamius the Phrygian.〕 was a disciple of Ammonius Hermiae and Damascius, and was one of the last of the Neoplatonists. He was among the pagan philosophers persecuted by Justinian in the early 6th century, and was forced for a time to seek refuge in the Persian court, before being allowed back into the empire. He wrote extensively on the works of Aristotle. Although his writings are all commentaries on Aristotle and other authors, rather than original compositions, his intelligent and prodigious learning makes him the last great philosopher of pagan antiquity. His works have preserved much information about earlier philosophers which would have otherwise been lost.
==Life==
Simplicius was a disciple of Ammonius Hermiae,〔Simplicius, ''in Phys. Ausc.'' f. 42, 43, etc.〕 and Damascius,〔Simplicius, ''in Phys. Ausc.'' f. 150, a. b., 183, b., 186, etc.〕 and was consequently one of the last members of the Neoplatonist school. The school had its headquarters in Athens. It became the centre of the last efforts to maintain Hellenistic religion against the encroachments of Christianity. Imperial edicts enacted in the 5th century against paganism gave legal protection to pagans against personal maltreatment.〔Cod. Theod. 16. tit. 10.〕 In the year 528 the emperor Justinian ordered that pagans should be removed from government posts. Some were robbed of their property, some put to death. The order specified that if they did not within three months convert to Christianity, they were to be banished from the Empire. In addition, it was forbidden any longer to teach philosophy and jurisprudence in Athens.〔529 AD; Malalas, xviii.; comp. Theophanes, i. 276.〕 Probably also the property of the Platonist school, which in the time of Proclus was valued at more than 1000 gold pieces,〔Damascius ap. Photius.〕 was confiscated; at least, Justinian deprived the physicians and teachers of the liberal arts of the provision-money which had been assigned to them by previous emperors, and confiscated funds which the citizens had provided for spectacles and other civic purposes.〔Procopius, ''Arcan.'' c. 26.〕
Seven philosophers, among whom were Simplicius, Eulamius, Priscian, and others, with Damascius, the last president of the Platonist school in Athens at their head, resolved to seek protection at the court of the famous Persian king Chosroes, who had succeeded to the throne in 531. But they were disappointed in their hopes. Chosroes, in a peace treaty concluded with Justinian c. 533 stipulated that the philosophers should be allowed to return without risk and to practise their rites, after which they returned.〔Agathias, ii. 30.〕 Of the subsequent fortunes of the seven philosophers we learn nothing.
We know little about where Simplicius lived and taught. That he not only wrote, but taught, is proved by the address to his hearers in the commentary on the ''Physica Auscultatio'' of Aristotle,〔Simplicius, ''in Arist. Phys. Ausc.'' f. 173.〕 as well as by the title of his commentary on the ''Categories''. He had received his training partly in Alexandria, under Ammonius,〔see especially Simplicius ''in ll. de Caelo'', f. 113.〕 partly in Athens, as a disciple of Damascius; and it was probably in one of these two cities that he subsequently took up his abode; for, with the exception of these cities and Constantinople, it would have been difficult to find a town which possessed the collections of books he needed, and he is unlikely to have gone to Constantinople. As to his personal history, especially his migration to Persia, no definite allusions are to be found in the writings of Simplicius. Only at the end of his explanation of the treatise of Epictetus, Simplicius mentions, with gratitude, the consolation which he had found under tyrannical oppression in such ethical contemplations; which might suggest that it was composed during, or immediately after, the above-mentioned persecutions.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
■ウィキペディアで「Simplicius of Cilicia」の詳細全文を読む
スポンサード リンク
| 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース |
Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.
|
|